Next door to the ancient ruins of Hierapolis, Pamukkale is another of Turkey’s unique natural wonders. Pamukkale means Cotton Castle, understandably, as the cliffs resemble giant tufts of cotton wool. The visual effect of the large white nodules, created by the calcium in the local water supply rubbing off on the cliffs, is in contrast to the amazing intricacy of the ridges close up — like the sand dunes of the Sahara in miniature. Sunglasses and sunscreen here are an absolute must as there is a heavy reflection bouncing off the gleaming white cliffs.